Computer vision syndrome as a growing challenge in ophthalmology. A review of current knowledge Artykuł przeglądowy

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Published: Feb 24, 2026
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24292/01.OT.060226
Keywords:
computer vision syndrome, CVS, video display terminal syndrome, VTD, blue light, eye fatigue, dry eyes, ergonomic workstation setup, screen time

Main Article Content

Aleksandra Łubińska-Kowalska
Provincial Specialist Hospital in Olsztyn
https://orcid.org/0009-0007-2699-5965
Adrianna Witkowska
Clinical Hospital of the Ministry of the Interior and Administration with the Warmia-Masuria Oncology Center in Olsztyn
https://orcid.org/0009-0008-7314-8045
Adrianna Domańska
Provincial Specialist Hospital in Olsztyn
https://orcid.org/0009-0002-2720-2641
Julia Piotrowska
Clinical Hospital of the Ministry of the Interior and Administration with the Warmia-Masuria Oncology Center in Olsztyn
https://orcid.org/0009-0006-3261-018X
Antonina Teresa Galus
Praga Hospital of the Transfiguration of the Lord in Warsaw
https://orcid.org/0009-0007-9954-1462
Barbara Anna Zapalska
Independent Public Central Clinical Hospital, University Clinical Center of Medical University of Warsaw
https://orcid.org/0009-0004-6417-877X
Agata Żak-Gontarz
Stefan Cardinal Wyszyński Provincial Specialist Hospital SPZOZ in Lublin
https://orcid.org/0009-0003-6533-9048
Aleksandra Minda
Infant Jesus Teaching Hospital in Warsaw
https://orcid.org/0009-0004-8862-712X
Justyna Janikowska
National Medical Institute of the Ministry of the Interior and Administration in Warsaw
https://orcid.org/0009-0001-8277-0855
Monika Wendland
Mazovian „Bródnowski” Hospital in Warsaw
https://orcid.org/0009-0009-6894-8846
Krzysztof Julian Długosz
University Clinical Hospital in Olsztyn
https://orcid.org/0009-0000-8134-6115

Abstract

For several decades, we have observed a dynamic increase in the use of screen devices, which have become an integral part of everyday life. Modern life, in which conferences, working from home, entertainment, and online shopping are commonplace, contributes to the development of computer vision syndrome. Prolonged exposure to screens and improper use of them cause the symptoms of the syndrome: eye strain, dryness, irritation, headaches, and concentration problems. This article analyzes risk factors, symptoms, and current preventative strategies. It justifies the need to raise awareness and promote a healthy lifestyle among users of digital devices.

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How to Cite
1.
Łubińska-Kowalska A, Witkowska A, Domańska A, Piotrowska J, Galus AT, Zapalska BA, Żak-Gontarz A, Minda A, Janikowska J, Wendland M, Długosz KJ. Computer vision syndrome as a growing challenge in ophthalmology. A review of current knowledge. Ophthatherapy [Internet]. 2026Feb.24 [cited 2026Jun.10];12(4). Available from: https://www.journalsmededu.pl/index.php/ophthatherapy/article/view/3265
Issue
Vol 12 No 4 (2025)
Section
Diagnostics
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Address reprint requests to: Medical Education, Marcin Kuźma (marcin.kuzma@mededu.pl)

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