Usefulness of essential phospholipids in the treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease with coexistent diabetes mellitus. Commentary to the article Commentary
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Published:
Sep 30, 2019
Keywords:
non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, diabetes mellitus type 2, essential phospholipids
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Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is now the most frequent liver chronic disease and the most frequent cause of the abnormal activity of aminotransferases. It coexists with the metabolic syndrome very often. The coexistence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and NAFLD is a clinically significant problem. It is associated with a significant increase of complications, including life-threatening ones. Cardiovascular events in NAFLD are 1.87-fold increased in the presence of T2DM. It is known that the lack of diabetes control increases the risk of developing non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and other organ complications, while NASH promotes the development of disorders of carbohydrate metabolism. In the article the beneficial effect of essential phospholipides in treatment of NAFLD and T2DM are presented.
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How to Cite
Cichoż-Lach , H. (2019). Usefulness of essential phospholipids in the treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease with coexistent diabetes mellitus. Commentary to the article. Medycyna Faktow (J EBM), 12(3(44), 271-275. https://doi.org/10.24292/01.MF.0319.15
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References
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2. Anstee Q.M., McPherson S., Day C.P.: How big a problem is non-alcoholic fatty liver disease? BMJ 2011; 343: d3897.
3. Hazlehurst J.M., Woods C., Marjot T. et al.: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and diabetes. Metabolism 2016; 65: 1096-1108.
4. Perumpail B.J., Khan M.A., Yoo E.R. et al.: Clinical epidemiology and disease burden of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. World J. Gastroenterol. 2017; 23: 8263-8276.
5. European Association for the Study of the Liver (EASL), European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD), European Association for the Study of Obesity (EASO). EASL-EASD-EASO clinical practice guidelines for the management of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. J. Hepatol. 2016; 64:1388-1402.
6. Targher G., Bertolini L., Rodella S. et al.: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is independently associated with an increased incidence of cardiovascular events in type 2 diabetic patients. Diabetes Care 2007; 30: 2119-2121.
7. Targher G., Lonardo A., Byrne C.D.: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and chronic vascular complications of diabetes mellitus. Nat. Rev. Endocrinol. 2018; 14: 99-114.
8. Ix J.H., Sharma K.: Mechanisms linking obesity, chronic kidney disease, and fatty liver disease: The roles of fetuin-A, adiponectin, and AMPK. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 2010; 21: 406-412.
9. Dharmalingam M., Yamasandhi P.G.: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Indian J. Endocrinol. Metab. 2018; 22(3): 421-428.
10. Gundermann K.J., Kuenker A., Kuntz E. et al.: Activity of essential phospholipids (EPL) from soybean in liver diseases. Pharmacol. Rep. 2011; 63(3): 643-659.
11. Ciećko-Michalska I.: Przydatność niezbędnych fosfolipidów w leczeniu pacjentów z niealkoholową stłuszczeniową chorobą wątroby. Komentarz do artykułu Biblioteka Medycyny Faktów 2018; 11: 4(41).
12. Yin D., Kong L. Observation for Curative Effect of Essentiale in Treatment of Fatty Liver Caused by Diabetes Mellitus. Med. J. Q. Ilu. 2000; 15: 277-278.
13. Dajani A.I., Abu Hammour A.M., Zakaria M.A. et al.: Essential phospholipids as a supportive adjunct in the management of patients with NAFLD. Arab. J. Gastroenterol. 2015; 16(3-4): 99-104.
14. Sas E., Grinevich V., Efimov O., Shcherbina N.: Beneficial influence of polyunsaturated phosphatidylcholine enhances functional liver condition and liver structure in patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis accompanied by diabetes type 2. Results of prolonged randomized blinded prospective clinical study [abstract]. J. Hepatol. 2013; 58: S549.
15. Poongothai S., Karkuzhali K., Siva Prakash G. et al.: Effect of essentiale in diabetic subjects with non-alcoholic fatty liver. Int. J. Diab. Dev. Ctries 2005; 25(1): 12-19.
16. Ohbayashi H., Fujimoto M., Yamase H., Ito M.: Improvement of NASH with two-year treatment with oral polyenephosphatidylcholine. J. Rural Med. 2007; 1: 67-73.
17. Ohbayashi H.: Twelve-month chronic administration of polyenephos-phatidylcholine (EPL®) for improving hepatic function of fatty liver patients. Prog. Med. 2004; 24(7): 1751-1756.
18. Ohbayashi H., Fujimoto M., Yoshida M. et al.: The therapeutic effect of polyenephosphatidylcholine (EPL) on NASH. Liver Bile Pancreas 2006; 52(4): 637-642.
19. Buyeverov A.O., Yeshanu V.S., Mayevskaya M.V., Ivashkin V.T.: Application of essential phospholipids in complex therapy of steatohepatitis of the mixed origin. Klin. Persp. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. 2008; 1: 17-22.
20. Sun C., Zheng X., Tan Z. et al.: Clinical observation on polyene phosphatidyl choline and metformin in the treatment of type 2 diabetes and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Clin. Focus 2008; 23(17): 1272-1273.