The importance of different methods of blood pressure measurement in pregnant women with hypertension Review article
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Published:
Jun 30, 2023
Keywords:
pregnancy, hypertension, office blood pressure measurements, home blood pressure measurement and ambulatory blood pressure monitoring
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Abstract
Complications of hypertension in pregnancy are the most common and significant causes of maternal, fetal and neonatal morbidity and mortality. They are responsible for approximately 20% of maternal deaths and 16% of neonatal deaths worldwide. Early follow-up of pregnant women, including regular blood pressure measurements, early detection of hypertensive disease and effective hypotensive treatment, are essential to avoid complications of hypertension in pregnancy. Currently, blood pressure measurements are most often performed in the office, but in many cases, out of office measurements are also recommended. The advantage of the latter is the ability to confirm or exclude hypertension, exclude white-coat hypertension and masked hypertension, and during automatic 24-hour measurement, the assessment of circadian blood pressure rhythms. The article discusses the importance and place of particular types of blood pressure measurements in pregnant women and the differences between these methods.
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How to Cite
Wojciechowska, E., & Lewandowski, J. (2023). The importance of different methods of blood pressure measurement in pregnant women with hypertension. Medycyna Faktow (J EBM), 16(2(59), 139-146. https://doi.org/10.24292/01.MF.0223.02
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References
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7. Salleh S, Quinn M. Korotkoff’s sounds in pregnancy. J Hypertens. 2005; 23(7): 1433.
8. Jones DW. Implementing Automated Office Blood Pressure Measurement. Hypertension. 2019; 74(3): 436-40.
9. Roerecke M, Kaczorowski J, Myers MG. Comparing Automated Office Blood Pressure Readings With Other Methods of Blood Pressure Measurement for Identifying Patients With Possible Hypertension: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. JAMA Intern Med. 2019; 179(3): 351-62.
10. American College of O, Gynecologists’ Committee on Practice B-O. ACOG Practice Bulletin No. 203: Chronic Hypertension in Pregnancy. Obstet Gynecol. 2019; 133(1): e26-e50.
11. Magee LA, von Dadelszen P, Rey E et al. Less-tight versus tight control of hypertension in pregnancy. N Engl J Med. 2015; 372(5): 407-17.
12. Tita AT, Szychowski JM, Boggess K et al. Treatment for Mild Chronic Hypertension during Pregnancy. N Engl J Med. 2022; 386(19): 1781-92.
13. Magee LA, von Dadelszen P, Singer J et al. The CHIPS Randomized Controlled Trial (Control of Hypertension in Pregnancy Study): Is Severe Hypertension Just an Elevated Blood Pressure? Hypertension. 2016; 68(5): 1153-9.
14. Brown MA, Magee LA, Kenny LC et al. Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy: ISSHP Classification, Diagnosis, and Management Recommendations for International Practice. Hypertension. 2018; 72(1): 24-43.
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16. Tran K, Padwal R, Khan N et al. Home blood pressure monitoring in the diagnosis and treatment of hypertension in pregnancy: a systematic review and meta-analysis. CMAJ Open. 2021; 9(2): E642-E50.
17. Mikami Y, Takai Y, Era S et al. Provisional criteria for the diagnosis of hypertension in pregnancy using home blood pressure measurements. Hypertens Res. 2017; 40(7): 679-84.
18. Bello NA, Miller E, Cleary K et al. Out of Office Blood Pressure Measurement in Pregnancy and the Postpartum Period. Curr Hypertens Rep. 2018; 20(12): 101.
19. Iwama N, Metoki H, Ohkubo T et al. Maternal clinic and home blood pressure measurements during pregnancy and infant birth weight: the BOSHI study. Hypertens Res. 2016; 39(3): 151-7.
20. Lv LJ, Ji WJ, Wu LL et al. Thresholds for Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring Based on Maternal and Neonatal Outcomes in Late Pregnancy in a Southern Chinese Population. J Am Heart Assoc. 2019; 8(14): e012027.
21. Salazar MR, Espeche WG, Balbin E et al. Office blood pressure values and the necessity of out-of-office measurements in high-risk pregnancies. J Hypertens. 2019; 37(9): 1838-44.
22. Johnson S, Liu B, Kalafat E et al. Maternal and Perinatal Outcomes of White Coat Hypertension During Pregnancy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Hypertension. 2020; 76(1): 157-66.
23. Salazar MR, Espeche WG, Leiva Sisnieguez CE et al. Nocturnal hypertension in high-risk mid-pregnancies predict the development of preeclampsia/ eclampsia. J Hypertens. 2019; 37(1): 182-6.
24. Sega R, Facchetti R, Bombelli M et al. Prognostic value of ambulatory and home blood pressures compared with office blood pressure in the general population: follow-up results from the Pressioni Arteriose Monitorate e Loro Associazioni (PAMELA) study. Circulation. 2005; 111(14): 1777-83.
25. Hermida RC, Ayala DE. Prognostic value of office and ambulatory blood pressure measurements in pregnancy. Hypertension. 2002; 40(3): 298-303.
26. Brown MA. Is there a role for ambulatory blood pressure monitoring in pregnancy? Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol. 2014; 41(1): 16-21.
27. Ohkubo T, Imai Y, Tsuji I et al. Prediction of mortality by ambulatory blood pressure monitoring versus screening blood pressure measurements: a pilot study in Ohasama. J Hypertens. 1997; 15(4): 357-64.
28. Ohkubo T, Imai Y, Tsuji I et al. Relation between nocturnal decline in blood pressure and mortality. The Ohasama Study. Am J Hypertens. 1997; 10(11): 1201-7.
29. Halligan AW, Shennan A, Lambert PC et al. Automated blood pressure measurement as a predictor of proteinuric pre-eclampsia. Br J Obstet Gynaecol. 1997; 104(5): 559-62.
30. Peek M, Shennan A, Halligan A et al. Hypertension in pregnancy: which method of blood pressure measurement is most predictive of outcome? Obstet Gynecol. 1996; 88(6): 1030-3.
31. Krielessi V, Papantoniou N, Papageorgiou I et al. Placental Pathology and Blood Pressure’s Level in Women with Hypertensive Disorders in Pregnancy. Obstet Gynecol Int. 2012; 2012: 684083.
32. Yeh PT, Rhee DK, Kennedy CE et al. Self-monitoring of blood pressure among women with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy: a systematic review. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2022; 22(1): 454.
33. Lan PG, Hyett J, Gillin AG. Home blood pressure measurement in women with pregnancy-related hypertensive disorders. Pregnancy Hypertens. 2017; 10: 213-9.
34. Tucker KL, Bankhead C, Hodgkinson J et al. How Do Home and Clinic Blood Pressure Readings Compare in Pregnancy? Hypertension. 2018; 72(3): 686-94.
35. Kalafat E, Mir I, Perry H et al. Is home blood-pressure monitoring in hypertensive disorders of pregnancy consistent with clinic recordings? Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2018; 52(4): 515-21.
36. Churchill D, Beevers DG. Differences between office and 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure measurement during pregnancy. Obstet Gynecol. 1996; 88(3): 455-61.
37. Brown MA, Robinson A, Bowyer L et al. Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring in pregnancy: what is normal? Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1998; 178(4): 836-42.
38. Halligan A, O’Brien E, O’Malley K et al. Twenty-four-hour ambulatory blood pressure measurement in a primigravid population. J Hypertens. 1993; 11(8): 869-73.
39. Contard S, Chanudet X, Coisne D et al. Ambulatory monitoring of blood pressure in normal pregnancy. Am J Hypertens. 1993; 6(10): 880-4.
40. Wojciechowska E, Sobieraj P, Sinski M et al. Consistency among Office, Home, and Ambulatory Blood Pressure Values in Women with Chronic Hypertension and History of Eclampsia or Preeclampsia. J Clin Med. 2022; 11(17): 5065.
41. Townsend RR. Out-of-Office Blood Pressure Monitoring: A Comparison of Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring and Home (Self) Monitoring Of Blood Pressure. Hypertension. 2020; 76(6): 1667-73.
42. Mengden T, Schwartzkopff B, Strauer BE. What is the value of home (self) blood pressure monitoring in patients with hypertensive heart disease? Am J Hypertens. 1998; 11(7): 813-9.
43. Brown MA, McHugh L, Mangos G et al. Automated self-initiated blood pressure or 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring in pregnancy? BJOG. 2004; 111(1): 38-41.
44. Sood S, Sirisha A, Ashta KK et al. Comparison of ambulatory blood pressure monitoring and self-blood pressure monitoring for diagnosing white coat hypertension amongst pregnant women. Int J Reprod Contracept Obstet Gynecol. 2019; 1(9): 274-8.
2. Regitz-Zagrosek V, Roos-Hesselink JW, Bauersachs J et al. 2018 ESC Guidelines for the management of cardiovascular diseases during pregnancy. Kardiol Pol. 2019; 77(3): 245-326.
3. von Dadelszen P, Magee LA. Preventing deaths due to the hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol. 2016; 36: 83-102.
4. Williams B, Mancia G, Spiering W et al. 2018 ESC/ESH Guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension. Eur Heart J. 2018; 39(33): 3021-104.
5. Prejbisz A, Dobrowolski P, Kosinski P et al. Management of hypertension in pregnancy: prevention, diagnosis, treatment and long‑term prognosis. Kardiol Pol. 2019; 77(7-8): 757-806.
6. Cifkova R, Johnson MR, Kahan T et al. Peripartum management of hypertension: a position paper of the ESC Council on Hypertension and the European Society of Hypertension. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Pharmacother. 2020; 6(6): 384-93.
7. Salleh S, Quinn M. Korotkoff’s sounds in pregnancy. J Hypertens. 2005; 23(7): 1433.
8. Jones DW. Implementing Automated Office Blood Pressure Measurement. Hypertension. 2019; 74(3): 436-40.
9. Roerecke M, Kaczorowski J, Myers MG. Comparing Automated Office Blood Pressure Readings With Other Methods of Blood Pressure Measurement for Identifying Patients With Possible Hypertension: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. JAMA Intern Med. 2019; 179(3): 351-62.
10. American College of O, Gynecologists’ Committee on Practice B-O. ACOG Practice Bulletin No. 203: Chronic Hypertension in Pregnancy. Obstet Gynecol. 2019; 133(1): e26-e50.
11. Magee LA, von Dadelszen P, Rey E et al. Less-tight versus tight control of hypertension in pregnancy. N Engl J Med. 2015; 372(5): 407-17.
12. Tita AT, Szychowski JM, Boggess K et al. Treatment for Mild Chronic Hypertension during Pregnancy. N Engl J Med. 2022; 386(19): 1781-92.
13. Magee LA, von Dadelszen P, Singer J et al. The CHIPS Randomized Controlled Trial (Control of Hypertension in Pregnancy Study): Is Severe Hypertension Just an Elevated Blood Pressure? Hypertension. 2016; 68(5): 1153-9.
14. Brown MA, Magee LA, Kenny LC et al. Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy: ISSHP Classification, Diagnosis, and Management Recommendations for International Practice. Hypertension. 2018; 72(1): 24-43.
15. Bello NA, Woolley JJ, Cleary KL et al. Accuracy of Blood Pressure Measurement Devices in Pregnancy: A Systematic Review of Validation Studies. Hypertension. 2018; 71(2): 326-35.
16. Tran K, Padwal R, Khan N et al. Home blood pressure monitoring in the diagnosis and treatment of hypertension in pregnancy: a systematic review and meta-analysis. CMAJ Open. 2021; 9(2): E642-E50.
17. Mikami Y, Takai Y, Era S et al. Provisional criteria for the diagnosis of hypertension in pregnancy using home blood pressure measurements. Hypertens Res. 2017; 40(7): 679-84.
18. Bello NA, Miller E, Cleary K et al. Out of Office Blood Pressure Measurement in Pregnancy and the Postpartum Period. Curr Hypertens Rep. 2018; 20(12): 101.
19. Iwama N, Metoki H, Ohkubo T et al. Maternal clinic and home blood pressure measurements during pregnancy and infant birth weight: the BOSHI study. Hypertens Res. 2016; 39(3): 151-7.
20. Lv LJ, Ji WJ, Wu LL et al. Thresholds for Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring Based on Maternal and Neonatal Outcomes in Late Pregnancy in a Southern Chinese Population. J Am Heart Assoc. 2019; 8(14): e012027.
21. Salazar MR, Espeche WG, Balbin E et al. Office blood pressure values and the necessity of out-of-office measurements in high-risk pregnancies. J Hypertens. 2019; 37(9): 1838-44.
22. Johnson S, Liu B, Kalafat E et al. Maternal and Perinatal Outcomes of White Coat Hypertension During Pregnancy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Hypertension. 2020; 76(1): 157-66.
23. Salazar MR, Espeche WG, Leiva Sisnieguez CE et al. Nocturnal hypertension in high-risk mid-pregnancies predict the development of preeclampsia/ eclampsia. J Hypertens. 2019; 37(1): 182-6.
24. Sega R, Facchetti R, Bombelli M et al. Prognostic value of ambulatory and home blood pressures compared with office blood pressure in the general population: follow-up results from the Pressioni Arteriose Monitorate e Loro Associazioni (PAMELA) study. Circulation. 2005; 111(14): 1777-83.
25. Hermida RC, Ayala DE. Prognostic value of office and ambulatory blood pressure measurements in pregnancy. Hypertension. 2002; 40(3): 298-303.
26. Brown MA. Is there a role for ambulatory blood pressure monitoring in pregnancy? Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol. 2014; 41(1): 16-21.
27. Ohkubo T, Imai Y, Tsuji I et al. Prediction of mortality by ambulatory blood pressure monitoring versus screening blood pressure measurements: a pilot study in Ohasama. J Hypertens. 1997; 15(4): 357-64.
28. Ohkubo T, Imai Y, Tsuji I et al. Relation between nocturnal decline in blood pressure and mortality. The Ohasama Study. Am J Hypertens. 1997; 10(11): 1201-7.
29. Halligan AW, Shennan A, Lambert PC et al. Automated blood pressure measurement as a predictor of proteinuric pre-eclampsia. Br J Obstet Gynaecol. 1997; 104(5): 559-62.
30. Peek M, Shennan A, Halligan A et al. Hypertension in pregnancy: which method of blood pressure measurement is most predictive of outcome? Obstet Gynecol. 1996; 88(6): 1030-3.
31. Krielessi V, Papantoniou N, Papageorgiou I et al. Placental Pathology and Blood Pressure’s Level in Women with Hypertensive Disorders in Pregnancy. Obstet Gynecol Int. 2012; 2012: 684083.
32. Yeh PT, Rhee DK, Kennedy CE et al. Self-monitoring of blood pressure among women with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy: a systematic review. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2022; 22(1): 454.
33. Lan PG, Hyett J, Gillin AG. Home blood pressure measurement in women with pregnancy-related hypertensive disorders. Pregnancy Hypertens. 2017; 10: 213-9.
34. Tucker KL, Bankhead C, Hodgkinson J et al. How Do Home and Clinic Blood Pressure Readings Compare in Pregnancy? Hypertension. 2018; 72(3): 686-94.
35. Kalafat E, Mir I, Perry H et al. Is home blood-pressure monitoring in hypertensive disorders of pregnancy consistent with clinic recordings? Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2018; 52(4): 515-21.
36. Churchill D, Beevers DG. Differences between office and 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure measurement during pregnancy. Obstet Gynecol. 1996; 88(3): 455-61.
37. Brown MA, Robinson A, Bowyer L et al. Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring in pregnancy: what is normal? Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1998; 178(4): 836-42.
38. Halligan A, O’Brien E, O’Malley K et al. Twenty-four-hour ambulatory blood pressure measurement in a primigravid population. J Hypertens. 1993; 11(8): 869-73.
39. Contard S, Chanudet X, Coisne D et al. Ambulatory monitoring of blood pressure in normal pregnancy. Am J Hypertens. 1993; 6(10): 880-4.
40. Wojciechowska E, Sobieraj P, Sinski M et al. Consistency among Office, Home, and Ambulatory Blood Pressure Values in Women with Chronic Hypertension and History of Eclampsia or Preeclampsia. J Clin Med. 2022; 11(17): 5065.
41. Townsend RR. Out-of-Office Blood Pressure Monitoring: A Comparison of Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring and Home (Self) Monitoring Of Blood Pressure. Hypertension. 2020; 76(6): 1667-73.
42. Mengden T, Schwartzkopff B, Strauer BE. What is the value of home (self) blood pressure monitoring in patients with hypertensive heart disease? Am J Hypertens. 1998; 11(7): 813-9.
43. Brown MA, McHugh L, Mangos G et al. Automated self-initiated blood pressure or 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring in pregnancy? BJOG. 2004; 111(1): 38-41.
44. Sood S, Sirisha A, Ashta KK et al. Comparison of ambulatory blood pressure monitoring and self-blood pressure monitoring for diagnosing white coat hypertension amongst pregnant women. Int J Reprod Contracept Obstet Gynecol. 2019; 1(9): 274-8.